- 7 Sections
- 21 Lessons
- 104 Weeks
Synoptic Gospels
Course Description
This course provides a focused study of the Synoptic Gospels — Matthew, Mark, and Luke — exploring their historical backgrounds, literary features, theological themes, and interrelationship. Special attention will be given to the Synoptic Problem, the distinct portraits of Jesus presented in each Gospel, and their unique theological emphases. Students will engage in historical, theological, and pastoral reflection to understand how these texts inform and shape Christian faith and ministry.
Course Objectives
- To introduce students to the historical, cultural, and literary contexts of the Synoptic Gospels.
- To analyze the distinctive theological emphases of Matthew, Mark, and Luke.
- To examine the Synoptic Problem and evaluate various scholarly approaches and solutions.
- To apply insights from the Synoptic Gospels to preaching, teaching, and ministry.
Course Outcomes
- Demonstrate knowledge of the historical and literary background of the Synoptic Gospels.
- Identify and explain major theological themes unique to each Synoptic Gospel.
- Critically evaluate the Synoptic Problem and articulate an informed perspective.
- Integrate exegetical and theological insights into practical ministry and preaching.
Course Requirements
- Complete assigned readings prior to class to ensure active participation.
- Submit weekly assignments and exegetical papers on selected passages.
- Participate actively in discussions, presentations, and group activities.
- Complete a final research paper.
Course Assessment Summary
Component Marks Pass Mark Frequent Assessment (CFE) 70 28 Final CFE 30 12 Total 100 40 0- Unit 1 - Introduction to the Synoptic Problem
Suggested Reading (5 Marks)
- “Approaches to the New Testament” by Benneth Lawrance
- Mark Allan Powell, Introducing the New Testament, Chapters 6–8
- D. A. Carson & Douglas J. Moo, An Introduction to the New Testament, sections on the Synoptic Gospels
Presentation Assignment (10 Marks)
Students will prepare a 3–4 page paper explaining the Synoptic Problem and evaluating at least one proposed scholarly solution. The presentation should demonstrate clarity of thought, research engagement, and theological reflection.
5 - Unit 2 - The Gospel of Mark: Jesus the Suffering Messiah
Suggested Reading (5 Marks)
Reading Assignment: Write a 4–5 page reflection on Mark 8:27–38 with special focus on discipleship and Christology.
Reference:
R. T. France, The Gospel of Mark (NIGTC or TNTC — Introduction and commentary sections)4 - Unit 3 - The Gospel of Matthew: Jesus the Fulfilment of Scripture
Suggested Reading (3 Marks)
Topic: Thematic study of the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5–7) with an exercise on Old Testament quotations.
Reference:
R. T. France, The Gospel of Matthew (NICNT or TNTC — Introduction and commentary sections)Assignment (7 Marks)
Task: Write a 5–6 page comparative essay analyzing Matthew’s use of Old Testament quotations in comparison with Mark’s narrative style.
The essay should demonstrate clear exegesis, theological reflection, and an understanding of Gospel-specific literary emphases.
4 - Unit 4 - The Gospel of Luke: Jesus the Savior of All
Suggested Reading (10 Marks)
Topic: Analysis of the Parable of the Good Samaritan and the Parable of the Prodigal Son, with a discussion on Luke’s theology of salvation.
Reference:
Joel Green, The Gospel of Luke (NICNT — Introduction and selected commentary sections)4 - Unit 5 - Theology and Unity of the Synoptics
Suggested Reading (5 Marks)
Topic: Comparative study of a parable across all three Synoptic Gospels (e.g., the Parable of the Sower).
Students should analyze similarities, differences, narrative settings, and theological emphases.Final Project (20 Marks)
Assignment: Write a 10–12 page research paper or prepare a sermon series outline on a major Synoptic theme such as:
- Kingdom of God
- Discipleship
- Parables
The project should demonstrate exegetical depth, theological reflection, and pastoral application relevant to contemporary Christian ministry.
4 - Bibliography
- Allen Jr, O. Wesley & Via, O. Dan. Reading the Synoptic Gospels (Revised Edition). Smyth & Helwys Publishing, 2013.
- Aland, Kurt. Synopsis of the Four Gospels (Revised Standard Version). United Bible Societies, 1987.
- Wintle, Brian. Synoptic Studies: A Primer, Vol. 1. Bangalore: Theological Book Trust, 2010.
- Wintle, Brian. Synoptic Studies: A Primer, Vol. 2. Bangalore: Theological Book Trust, 2010.
- Bennett, Lawrence Arren. Approaches to the New Testament. Bangalore: SAIACS Press, 2021.
- Joseph, H. Lalfakmawia. Jesus in the Synoptic Gospels. New Delhi: Christian World Imprints, 2019.
- Nickle, F. Keith. The Synoptic Gospels: An Introduction. Westminster John Knox Press, 2000.
- Perkins, Pheme. An Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels. Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Stein, Robert H. Studying the Synoptic Gospels. Bangalore: Omega Book World, 2019.
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